The question "What does back pain mean?"It may seem stupid.Everyone can test it.Dried, a heavy object was raised, was in a forced pose for a long time, an unpleasant bed, here a list of ordinary reasons for overloading the back and pain.The decision asks.Drink an anesthetic and wait for quick recovery.
This doesn't always help.The pain can take a back seat in the back and have become the worst enemy for weeks, months and years.Even then, some patient people may not see a doctor, but continue to take pills.
Pain is the signal of our body through the nervous system that there is a problem and it has to be solved.The situation is much worse when the disease progresses and nothing hurts.This occurs in oncological diseases when pain occurs in the last stages of the disease.
Types of pain
Non -specific - which takes more than 85% of the doctor's visit.Combined with an overload of muscles, ligaments, tendons, small joints of the spine.
Koreshka - caused by compression of the nerve root of a hernia.Up to 10% of cases.
Specific - caused by a certain disease.This includes a fracture of the spine, tuberculosis, purulent process, neoplasm, narrowing of the vertebral canal, the disease of the abdominal cavity, a small pelvis and others.Up to 10% of cases.
Symptoms
Typical symptoms of non -specific pain:
- Appearance, deterioration when moving (sharp rotation of the head, slope, lifting weight);
- arises after a long -forced position (sitting work on the computer, with professional drivers, static constant work for sellers);
- Limitation of mobility after sleep in an unpleasant position on an uneven surface.
The reason for these symptoms that violate the motor stereotype, if some muscles and joints are overloaded, do not take part in movements.
There is something like an "unprepared" movement.If the muscles are not stretched, the ligaments are not warmed up and they either get a large load or a very large volume of movements.Office employees who are not involved in sports after the Timbilding events with game activities, rope cities may not go to work due to problems with their backs.Another category is the gardeners of retirement age.They spent all the winter houses with minimal physical activity and suddenly gave excessive stress on the spine.The result is a pain, restriction of mobility.
The roots of the spinal cord are characterized by:
- Shooting pain of the foot, brushes;
- Reflex violation;
- Sensitivity changes (deafness, increased skin sensitivity);
- Acceptance of muscle strength;
- Symptoms in muscle tension.
After these symptoms - pain in the tongue, the deafness of the little finger on the arm or pain in the leg, it is often possible to determine a compression of the nerve without MRI at which level in the spine.
Specific pain can indicate a potentially dangerous, serious illness.Symptoms of threats:
- the beginning back pain up to 15 years and after 50 years;
- Non -incoming nature of the pain (the pain does not decrease in certain poses in a lying position);
- the connection of pain with the injury;
- Slowing of pain;
- the presence of oncology earlier;
- Temperature pain, weight loss;
- Longer stiffness in the morning;
- Paralysis, pelvic disorders, severe sensitivity disorders;
- Changes in urine analyzes, blood.
The cause of such violations can be serious diseases:
- rheumatic diseases;
- malignant tumors;
- Infections (osteomyelitis, abscess, tuberculosis, surrounded by herpes);
- Vascular diseases (aneurysm of the abdominal aorta);
- Blood diseases;
- Osteoporosis;
- Kidney diseases, cystitis;
- Pancreatitis, duodenal ulcer;
- Stenosis of the spine canal, vertebral fractures.
It is therefore better to consult a doctor to rule out dangerous causes.Especially when pain relievers help weakly and there are dangerous symptoms.
Diagnosis
This is the most important level of treatment, since all other measures depend on it.It seems that you can make an X -Ray or an MRI, then everything becomes clear.But there are pitfalls here.A functional diagnostic doctor draws a conclusion based on what he sees in the picture.But he does not examine the patient himself.Therefore, the results of the image are not the same as the diagnosis.
We will analyze the example.If you take completely healthy people at the age of 20, almost half of hernia can be determined by intermediate discs.However, this does not mean that you need treatment, an examination or surgery on the spine to eliminate defects.
Clinical recommendations for the general practice doctors of the national institute to improve health standards and social assistance in the UK in most cases with non -specific pain syndrome up to 1 year, neither X -Ray nor CT/MRI with a number of exceptions.
Isn't it a hernia that causes pain?Only in 1 out of 10 cases.In all other cases, the hernia of disc and back pain is not connected.
First, the prehistory of pain development, the first episode, the circumstances (injury, the load) are clarified, which others appeared, apparently not related to back pain.
During inspection, bends of the spine, the limitation of mobility and muscle tension are assessed.Localization of pain, signs of compression of the roots ("gives" in the leg, violation of the sensitivity of the limbs).
And only then are CT/MRIS carried out, a general and biochemical blood test is prescribed.
Therefore, the doctor should be diagnosed.It must determine the type of pain, exclude the necessary studies, rule out dangerous symptoms of specific pain and only then prescribe treatment.
Treatment
First aid. Before you take pills, you can help yourself.It is necessary to unload the spine and give the opportunity to relax.To do this, we lie on a flat hard surface (floor, dining table, plywood leaf) on the back.Under your feet you have to put a large pillow, a scooter and a stool so that the angle between body and hips is 90 grees in your knees.
We breathe slowly and try to relax as much as possible with every exhalation.You can lie as much as necessary.The main thing is that the surface is not cold.Soft sofas, beds are not suitable.
Drugs.Typically, treatment begins with non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) that help relieve pain and inflammation.These drugs can be bought without a prescription, but cannot be taken uncontrollably.
Your recording can lead to erosion, intestinal ulcers and stomach, bleeding.If there are already problems with the stomach intestine tract, this increases the risk of complications.You can have a toxic effect on the liver.There is a risk of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, with bronchial asthma.
Traditional NSAIDS have more side effects, especially on the digestive system.But they are pretty affordable.
Selective NSAIDs have a much lower harmful effect on the digestive tract, but have a higher price.
At the same time, the selection of the drug is better to entrust the doctor to confidence that it correlates the risk and benefits.Perhaps prescribed medication to protect the stomach.
Another group of medication is muscle relaxants, they help to alleviate muscle cramp.
Chondroprotectors are also used.
Life. Back pain does not mean that you have to lie all the time.Bed rest, corsets and other devices that restrict movements are not recommended.This leads to a weakening of the muscles that keep us in an upright position.
It is necessary to maintain a reasonable activity in order to maintain the sound and normalize the blood circulation.Light walks, gymnastics, physiotherapy exercises are suitable.
You also have to sleep on a hard orthopedic mattress.Take breaks for walking.Drink enough fluid.
prevention
For prevention, it is necessary to strengthen your back to create a strong sore muscles.Such physiological directions such as swimming, Pilates and yoga are suitable.
Sleeping is recommended on a flat stiff surface.The pillow is small, comfortable.
Lift bags of more than 3 kg with a straight lower back with the thickness of the legs.The load is evenly distributed by 2 hands.
Replace the bag with a backpack and wear it on two straps
To reduce the impact on the spine, wear shoes with a thick, featherless sole.It is advisable to reduce weight.